鍥剧墖鏉ユ簮锛歏menkov via Wikimedia Commons锛孋C BY-SA 3.0锛?/p>
瓒婂瘑锛屼笉涓€瀹氳秺濂姐€?/p>
鎾版枃 | 鏍楀瓙
瀹℃牎 | 浜屼竷
2005骞寸殑涓€澶╋紝鏈変綅鍚嶅彨闇叉槗涓濓紙Louise锛夌殑鐖卞皵鍏扮綉鍙嬶紝鍚戝叏涓栫晫瀹e竷浜嗕竴涓柊鍗曡瘝锛屽彨鈥?strong>trypophobia鈥濄€?/p>
鍗曡瘝鐨勫墠鍗婇儴鍒嗭紝鐢卞彜甯岃厞璇噷鐨勨€渢rypa-鈥濆彉鎹㈣€屾潵锛屾剰鎬濇槸鎵撳瓟锛涜€屽悗鍗婇儴鍒嗏€減hobia鈥濆垯浠h〃鎭愭儳鐥囥€傞湶鏄撲笣鍒涢€犲嚭杩欎釜璇嶏紝鏄负浜嗘弿杩拌嚜宸辩殑涓€绉嶅鐗圭棁鐘讹紝浼氬涓€浜涘瓟娲炰骇鐢熻秴鍑虹悊鎬х殑鎭愭儳銆?/p>
闇叉槗涓濇€ュ垏鍦板笇鏈涗笌鏇村浜哄垎浜繖涓幇璞★紝杩樹笓闂ㄧ粰鎷ユ湁鍚屾牱鐥囩姸鐨勨€滄€汉浠€濆垱寤轰簡涓€涓綉绔欍€傚綋鏃剁殑濂规垨璁告兂璞′笉鍒帮紝鏈潵浼氭湁鏃犳暟灏忎紮浼村洜姝よ€屾壘鍒扮粍缁囥€備粬浠湅鍒拌幉钃笂瀵嗛泦鎺掑垪鐨勫皬娲烇紝渚夸細鎰熷埌涓嶉€傦紝鍙兘璧烽浮鐨枡鐦╋紝鎴栨槸蹇冭烦鍔犻€燂紝鐢氳嚦鎭跺績寰楀悙鍑烘潵銆傞櫎浜嗚幉钃箣澶栵紝鍜栧暋銆佸ザ閰垨宸у厠鍔涗腑鎴愮兢鐨勬皵娉?/strong>绛夌瓑锛屾湁鏃朵篃鑳借捣鍒扮浉浼肩殑浣滅敤銆?/p>
鍥剧墖鏉ユ簮锛歅ixabay
鍚庢潵锛宼rypophobia杩欎釜鍚嶇О琚部鐢ㄨ嚦浠婏紝灏辨槸鎴戜滑甯歌鐨勨€?strong>瀵嗛泦鎭愭儳鐥?/strong>鈥濄€傞殢鐫€鏃堕棿鎺ㄧЩ锛屽畠鏃╁凡涓嶅儚褰撳勾閭f牱浠や汉鎯婂鍜岄毦浠ョ疆淇★紝鐪嬪埌鈥滃瘑瀛斺€濆氨浼氣€滃瘑鎭愨€濅豢浣涙槸椤虹悊鎴愮珷鐨勪簨浜嗐€?/p>
涓嶈繃锛屽瘑闆嗘亹鎯х棁鐪熺殑鏄竴绉嶆亹鎯х棁鍚楋紵
涓€瀹氳鏈夋礊鍚楋紵
濡傛灉鍙槸鑷【鑷湴閫犲嚭鍗曡瘝锛屽ぇ姒傚緢闅捐涓€绉嶆亹鎯х棁鐨勫瓨鍦ㄥ緱鍒拌鍙€?/p>
铏界劧锛岄湶鏄撲笣鍦ㄥ彂鏄庢柊璇嶇殑杩囩▼涓紝鐗瑰湴璇锋暀杩囩墰娲ュ瓧鍏哥殑宸ヤ綔浜哄憳锛岀劧鍚庢妸鑷繁绠€鏄撴嫾鍑戝緱鏉ョ殑鈥渢rypaphobia鈥濇敼鎴愪簡鏇村悎涔庤娉曠殑鈥渢rypophobia鈥濓紝涔熷氨鏄ス鏈€缁堝甯冨苟骞夸负娴佷紶鐨勭増鏈€備絾瀛楀吀鐨勭紪鑰呭彲涓嶄細鍥犳鍐冲畾娣诲姞涓€涓潯鐩紝鏇存棤娉曠‘璁ゅ瘑闆嗘亹鎯х棁鏄惁鐪熷疄瀛樺湪銆?/p>
鑰屽彟涓€鏂归潰锛岃繖瀹屽叏涓嶅Θ纰嶈嚜鎴戣瘖鏂负瀵嗛泦鎭愭儳鐥囩殑浜轰滑锛屽湪杩欎釜璇硶姝g‘鐨勫崟璇嶅懆鍥磋仛闆嗚捣鏉ワ紝鐭煭鍑犲勾閲屽舰鎴愰鍏疯妯$殑绀惧尯锛屽苟鍚稿紩绉戝瀹舵敞鎰忓埌瀵嗛泦鎭愭儳鐥囪繖涓湁瓒g殑姒傚康銆?/p>
鍥剧墖鏉ユ簮锛歅ixabay
2009骞达紝鑻卞浗鍩冨鍏嬫柉澶у鐨勯樋璇哄痉路濞佸皵閲戞柉锛圓rnold Wilkins锛夋暀鎺堬紝鍦ㄤ竴鑺傚績鐞嗗璇句笂鍋氫簡涓€椤瑰皬娴嬭瘯銆備粬缁欏鐢熶滑灞曠ず浜嗕袱寮犲浘鐗囷紝涓€寮犳槸鏈夎澶氭爲鏈ㄧ殑椋庢櫙鐓э紝鍙︿竴寮犲氨鏄幉钃殑鐗瑰啓锛屾暀鎺堟兂鐭ラ亾鍝紶鍥句細浠よ鐪嬬殑浜烘劅鍒颁笉瀹夈€傚ぇ閮ㄥ垎瀛︾敓瀵逛袱骞呯敾闈㈤兘娌′粈涔堝弽搴旓紝浣嗘湁浣嶅ぇ涓€鏂扮敓鎯婅鍦板彂鐜帮紝鑷繁瀵归偅寮犺幉钃殑鐓х墖寰堟帓鏂ャ€?/p>
浠庢锛屽▉灏旈噾鏂鈥滄€曟礊鈥濈幇璞$殑鎺㈢储灏卞紑濮嬩簡銆備粬鍜屽悓浜嬫澃澶风灏旓紙Geoff Cole锛変竴璧凤紝瀵?86浣嶆垚骞翠汉杩涜浜嗚幉钃敾鍑伙紝浠栦滑鐨勫勾榫勫湪18-55宀侊紝鍏朵腑195浜烘槸濂虫€с€傜粨鏋滐紝濂虫€у彈璇曡€呬腑鏈?8%璇磋幉钃収鐗囪浜虹湅浜嗗弽鎰燂紝鐢锋€т篃鏈?1%鍑虹幇杩欐牱鐨勬劅鍙椼€傛€讳綋鏉ョ湅锛屽ぇ绾?strong>16%鐨勮璇曞彈姝ゅ洶鎵帮紝骞冲潎姣?浜哄氨鏈変竴涓腑鎷涖€傝繖椤圭爺绌跺湪2013骞村彂琛紝璁╂洿澶氱殑浜烘劅鍙楀埌锛屽師鏉ョ湅瑙佽幉钃浘涓嶈垝鏈嶆牴鏈笉绠椾粈涔堢█濂囩殑浜嬨€?/p>
涓嶈繃锛岃闂瘑鎭愬浘涓护浜哄弽鎰熺殑瑕佺礌鏄粈涔堬紝濞佸皵閲戞柉鍜岀灏斿嵈璁や负涓嶄竴瀹氭槸瀛旀礊銆備粬浠繕鍋氫簡鍙︿竴椤瑰疄楠岋紝璁╁彈璇曡€呰璧忔洿澶氫笉鍚岀殑鍥剧墖锛屼笉姝㈣幉钃収锛岀湅鍥炬鐨勫瘑闆嗙▼搴?/strong>锛堟垨鑰呭彨绌洪棿棰戠巼锛変互鍙?strong>鑹擦僵鐨勫姣斿害浼氫笉浼氬奖鍝嶄汉鐨勮鎰熴€傚疄楠屽緱鍑虹殑缁撹鏄紝涓瓑瀵嗛泦鍔犱笂寮虹儓鐨勫姣斿害锛屾墠鏄汉浠劅鍒颁笉閫傜殑涓昏鍥犵礌锛涚浉姣斾箣涓嬶紝鏈夋病鏈夋礊鍙兘涓嶉噸瑕?/strong>锛屽彧鏄瓟娲炵殑闃村奖涔熻兘澧炲己瀵规瘮搴︾舰浜嗐€?/p> 绌洪棿棰戠巼锛屼粠宸﹀線鍙筹紝鐢变綆鍒伴珮锛堝浘鐗囨潵婧愶細Wikimedia Commons锛?/p> 鎽稿埌瑙勫緥涔嬪悗锛岀爺绌惰€呰嚜宸卞氨鑳借璁″嚭涓€浜涘浘鐗囷紝骞朵笖鎴愬姛棰勬祴鍒帮紝瀹冧滑浼氬湪涓€浜涗汉鐪煎墠瑙﹀彂涓庤幉钃ご鐩歌繎鐨勬晥鏋溿€?/p> 鑰屼袱浣嶇瀛﹀涔熻瘯鐫€瑙i噴杩欎簺瑕佺礌涓轰綍鎯逛汉涓嶅揩銆備粬浠皥璧蜂簡杈惧皵鏂囦富涔?/strong>锛岃寰楄嚜鐒剁晫涓湁涓€浜涚敓鐗╀細缁欎汉绫诲甫鏉ュ嵄闄╁埡婵€锛屽儚鏄泧鍜岃湗铔涚瓑绛夛紝瀹冧滑韬綋琛ㄩ潰鐨勫浘妗堝父甯稿氨鏄┖闂撮鐜囦腑绛夎€屽姣斿害楂樷€斺€旇璧忕被浼煎睘鎬х殑鍥剧墖鎰熷埌瀹虫€曪紝璇翠笉瀹氭槸浜虹被婕斿寲鍑虹殑涓€绉嶉槻寰℃満鍒躲€?/p> 鐒惰€岋紝杩欑瑙i噴濂藉儚鍙堟湁鍊煎緱鎬€鐤戠殑鍦版柟銆?strong>姣斿锛岀湅鍒拌幉钃収鐗囧悗涓嶈垝鏈嶇殑浜猴紝鎬€鏈夌殑鎯呯华鐪熺殑鏄亹鎯у悧锛?/strong> 鍘屾伓鍜屾亹鎯ф槸涓嶅悓鐨?/strong> 鐪嬪埌鍗遍櫓鐨勫姩鐗╂椂锛屾亹鎯у彲鑳戒細淇冧娇浜虹被鍋氬嚭琛屽姩锛岄伩鍏嶈嚜宸卞彈鍒颁机瀹炽€?/p> 缇庡浗鍩冮粯閲屽ぇ瀛︾殑蹇冪悊瀛﹀鏂粵鎷壜锋礇浼︾储锛圫tella Lourenco锛夊拰鍚屼簨浠兂瑕佺煡閬擄紝褰撲汉鐪嬭鍥剧墖涓湁瀵嗛泦鐨勫瓟娲炴椂锛屽拰鐪嬪埌鍗遍櫓鍔ㄧ墿鐨勭収鐗囨椂锛屼骇鐢熺殑鍙嶅簲绌剁珶鏄笉鏄浉浼肩殑銆?/p> 绉戝瀹朵粠濞佸皵閲戞柉鍥㈤槦浣跨敤鐨勫浘闆嗕腑锛屽彇鍑轰簡20寮犲瘑鎭愬浘锛屽澶氬瓟鐨勬捣缁电収鐗囩瓑绛夛紝鍑嗗缁欏弬涓庡疄楠岀殑瀛︾敓浠湅銆備綔涓哄鐓х殑锛岃繕鏈?strong>20寮犺泧鍥惧拰铚樿洓鍥?/strong>锛屼互鍙?strong>20寮犳櫘閫氱墿浣撶殑鐓х墖
涓夌粍鍥剧墖锛堝浘鐗囨潵婧愶細Ayzenberg et al., 2018锛?/p>
涓轰簡鎷垮埌瀛﹀垎锛屾湁41浣嶆湰绉戠敓鍙備笌浜嗚繖椤瑰疄楠岋紝鍏朵腑30浣嶆槸濂虫€с€傜爺绌惰€呭湪鍚戞瘡涓€浣嶅勾杞讳汉灞曠ず鍥剧墖鐨勫悓鏃讹紝浼氱洃娴嬩粬浠?strong>鐬冲瓟澶у皬鍙戠敓浜嗘€庢牱鐨勫彉鍖栥€?/p>
鐬冲瓟鐨勬斁澶у拰缂╁皬锛屾槸鐢变笉鍚岀殑鑲岃倝鎺у埗鐨勩€?/strong>鐬冲瓟寮€澶ц倢锛坕ris dilator muscle锛夊彈鍒?strong>浜ゆ劅绁炵粡鐨勬敮閰嶏紝瀹冩敹缂╃殑鏃跺€欑灣瀛斿氨浼氭斁澶э紱鐬冲瓟鎷害鑲岋紙iris sphincter muscle锛夊彈鍓氦鎰熺缁?/strong>鐨勬敮閰嶏紝瀹冩敹缂╂椂鐬冲瓟浼氬彉灏忋€?/p>
鍥剧墖鏉ユ簮锛歅ixabay
閫氬父璁や负锛屾亹鎯т細婵€娲讳氦鎰熺缁忕郴缁燂紝鑰屽帉鎭跺垯浼氭縺娲诲壇浜ゆ劅绁炵粡绯荤粺銆?/strong>鎵€浠ワ紝鐮旂┒鑰呭笇鏈涢€氳繃鐬冲瓟鐨勫彉鍖栨潵鎺ㄦ祴瀛︾敓浠湪鐪嬪浘鏃剁殑鎯呯华銆傜粨鏋滃彂鐜帮紝涓庤泧鍥惧拰铚樿洓鍥剧浉姣旓紝瀵嗘亹鍥惧紩璧蜂簡鏇存槑鏄剧殑鐬冲瓟缂╁皬锛岀灣瀛旀墿鏁f瘮杈冨皯銆?/p> 绉戝瀹舵劅鍙楀埌锛岃櫧鐒朵竴閮ㄥ垎鍗遍櫓鍔ㄧ墿鍥撅紝鏈夊拰瀵嗘亹鍥剧浉浼肩殑鐗瑰緛锛屽涓瓑瀵嗛泦鐨勫浘妗堟垨姣旇緝楂樼殑瀵规瘮搴︼紝浣嗗畠浠粰浜虹被甯︽潵鐨勬儏缁弽搴斾粛鐒舵湁鎵€涓嶅悓锛?strong>鍦ㄥ瘑鎭愬浘寮曞彂鐨勬儏缁腑锛屾洿澶氱殑鍙兘鏄帉鎭讹紝涓嶆槸鎭愭儳銆?/strong> 鍏跺疄锛屼笉灏戣嚜璁ゅ瘑鎭愮殑浜哄湪鎻忚堪鑷繁鐨勭粡鍘嗘椂锛屾姤鍛婄殑蹇冩儏涔熷父甯告槸鍘屾伓鎴栨伓蹇冦€備笉姝㈡槸瀵嗘亹锛屽叾浠栦竴浜涘凡琚垪鍏ャ€婄簿绁為殰纰嶈瘖鏂笌缁熻鎵嬪唽銆嬬殑鎭愭儳鐥囷紝姣斿琛€娑?娉ㄥ皠-鍙椾机鎭愭儳鐥?/strong>锛坆lood-injection-injury phobia锛夊綋涓紝鍘屾伓涔熸槸涓€绉嶄富瑕佹儏缁€?/p> 浣嗗亣濡傚瘑鎭愮殑浜轰滑锛屽苟娌℃湁鍥犱负鍥炬鍍忔槸鈥滃嵄闄╁姩鐗┾€濊€屽鎬曪紝鍙堟槸浠€涔堝師鍥犱娇浠栦滑浜х敓浜嗗帉鎭跺憿锛?/p> 2017骞达紝鏉ヨ嚜鑻卞浗鑲壒澶у鍜屽焹濉炲厠鏂ぇ瀛︾殑涓や綅鐮旂┒鑰咃紝鍙戣〃浜嗕竴椤圭爺绌躲€備粬浠涓猴紝瀵嗘亹涓殑鍘屾伓锛屽彲鑳芥簮鑷涓€浜涘瘎鐢熻櫕鎴栦紶鏌撶梾鐨勫弽搴斻€傜瀛﹀鎶婁竴浜?strong>涓庣柧鐥呮湁鍏崇殑瀵嗘亹鍥?/strong>锛屽拰涓€浜涗笌鐤剧梾鏃犲叧鐨勫瘑鎭愬浘锛屾嬁缁欒嚜璁ゅ瘑鎭愮殑浜虹湅锛屼篃鎷跨粰涓嶅瘑鎭愮殑浜虹湅銆?/p> 缁煎悎浜嗘儏缁瘎绾х殑缁撴灉鍜屼汉浠殑寮€鏀惧紡鍥炵瓟锛岀爺绌惰€呭彂鐜帮紝涓嶅瘑鎭愮殑浜哄彧浼氬閭d簺鐤剧梾瀵嗘亹鍥句骇鐢熷帉鎭讹紱鐩告瘮涔嬩笅锛屽瘑鎭愯€呭涓ょ粍鍥鹃兘浼氫骇鐢熷帉鎭讹紝鑰屼粬浠殑鍘屾伓鍙嶅簲涓昏鏉ヨ嚜浜庣柧鐥呭洖閬挎儏缁?/strong>銆?/p> 杩欓」鐮旂┒鐨勫叾涓竴浣嶄綔鑰咃紝灏辨槸澶氬勾鍓嶅湪蹇冪悊瀛﹁涓婂彂鐜拌嚜宸卞鑾茶摤鍥炬湁鎵€鎺掓枼鐨勯偅涓鐢熴€?/p> 杩樻槸娌℃湁濮撳悕 鐜板湪锛屽凡缁忔湁涓嶅皯绉戝瀹堕拡瀵瑰瘑闆嗘亹鎯х棁鍋氳繃鐮旂┒锛屾垨璁镐篃寰堝皯鏈変汉浼氬儚鍗佸嚑骞村墠鐨勪竴浣嶇淮鍩虹櫨绉戠紪杈戦偅鏍凤紝鎶婂瘑鎭愬綋浣滀竴涓獥灞€锛堝苟鍒犻櫎浜嗚瘝鏉★級銆備笉杩囷紝銆婄簿绁為殰纰嶈瘖鏂笌缁熻鎵嬪唽銆嬪垪鍑虹殑鐗瑰畾鎭愭儳鐥?/strong>锛坰pecific phobia锛変箣涓紝渚濈劧娌℃湁瀵嗛泦鎭愭儳鐥囩殑鍚嶅瓧銆?/p> 鐗瑰畾鎭愭儳鐥囷紝鏄寚瀵规煇浜涗簨鐗╀骇鐢熺殑涓嶇悊鎬х殑鎭愭儳锛岃€岄偅浜涗簨鐗╁嚑涔庝笉浼氬浜烘瀯鎴愬疄闄呭嵄闄┿€傝櫧鐒讹紝瀵嗛泦鎭愭儳鐥囨湭琚敹褰曚簬姝わ紝浣嗕竴浜涙儏鍐典弗閲嶅埌褰卞搷鏃ュ父鐢熸椿鐨勬偅鑰咃紝浠嶇劧鍙兘琚瘖鏂负鐗瑰畾鎭愭儳鐥囥€?/p> 鍙傝€冭祫鏂欙細 http://web.archive.org/web/20090316071914/http://www.geocities.com/holephobia/trypophobia.html https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/0956797613484937https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/02699931.2017.1345721 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29312818/ https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320553 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5811467/