鈻查鍥炬潵鑷狟ing
鏈€杩戝浗鍐呯殑娴佹劅楂樺彂锛屽緢澶氫汉宸茬粡鎰熸煋浜嗭紝鍖呮嫭寰堝灏忔湅鍙嬨€傚浜庡凡缁忔劅鏌撶殑锛屼竴瀹氳娉ㄦ剰濂ュ徃浠栭煢鐨勫悎鐞嗚鑼冧娇鐢紝杩欎釜涓婚锛屾垜浠槰澶╂枃绔犲凡鏈夎缁嗚璁恒€傚浜庢病鏈夋劅鏌撶殑锛屾渶閲嶈鐨勪簨鎯呮槸鎺ョ鐤嫍锛屽叧浜庣柅鑻楁帴绉嶇殑闂锛屾瘮濡傛墦涓€閽堣繕鏄墦涓ら拡锛熺柅鑻楃殑淇濇姢鍔涘涔咃紵杩樻湁鍏蜂綋搴旇鎬庝箞閫夋嫨鐤嫍锛岀幇鍦ㄨ繕闇€瑕佹帴绉嶅悧锛屾垜浠粖澶╀笓闂ㄦ潵璁ㄨ銆?/p>
鏂?| 鍙弸鍋ュ悍
瀹℃牳聽| 姹洣
鏈枃涓昏鍖呮嫭
1.鍥藉唴涓婂競鐨勬祦鎰熺柅鑻楁湁鍝嚑绉嶏紵
2.鐤嫍淇濇姢鏈熷涔咃紝浠€涔堟椂闂存敞灏勪繚鎶ゅ姏鏈€浣筹紵
3.涓変环鍜屽洓浠锋€庝箞閫夋嫨锛?/p>
4.鍘诲勾搴曞凡缁忔墦杩囦簡锛屼粖骞磋繕闇€瑕佹墦鍚楋紝鎬庝箞鎵擄紵
5.楦¤泲杩囨晱鑳芥墦娴佹劅鐤嫍鍚楋紵
6.鍙互鍜屽叾浠栫柅鑻楀悓鏃舵墦鍚楋紵
7.鎵撲簡娴佹劅鐤嫍锛岃繕闇€瑕佹墦Hib鐤嫍鍚楋紵
鍥藉唴涓婂競鐨勬祦鎰熺柅鑻楁湁鍝嚑绉嶏紵
鎴戝浗鐜板凡鎵瑰噯涓婂競鐨勬祦鎰熺柅鑻楁湁涓変环鐏椿鐤嫍銆佸洓浠风伃娲荤柅鑻楀拰涓変环鍑忔瘨娲荤柅鑻楄繖鍑犵被銆?/p>
鍥涗环鐏椿鐤嫍閮芥槸瑁傝В鐤嫍锛屼笁浠风伃娲荤柅鑻楅噷澶у鏁板搧鐗屾槸瑁傝В鐤嫍锛岃繕鍖呮嫭涓€绉嶄簹鍗曚綅鐤嫍銆?strong>浜氬崟浣嶇柅鑻楁槸鍦ㄦ祦鎰熻瑙ｇ柅鑻楃殑鍩虹涓婇€夌敤鏂拌瑙ｅ伐鑹哄拰绾寲鎶€鏈埗澶囩殑楂樼函搴︽祦鎰熺柅鑻楋紝鍓綔鐢ㄦ洿灏戜竴浜?/strong>銆?/p>
鐤嫍淇濇姢鏈熷涔咃紝浠€涔堟椂闂存敞灏勪繚鎶ゅ姏鏈€浣筹紵
杩欎釜闂寰堝浜洪棶鍒帮紝鑳屽悗鐨勯【铏戞槸锛屾€曟墦鏃╀簡锛屼繚鎶ゆ晥鍔涙病浜嗭紝鎵撴櫄浜嗭紝鍙堟媴蹇冮槻涓嶄綇銆?/p>
閫氬父鎺ョ娴佹劅鐤嫍2-4鍛ㄥ悗锛屽彲浜х敓鍏锋湁淇濇姢姘村钩鐨勬姉浣撱€傛帴绉嶆祦鎰熺柅鑻楀悗鑾峰緱鐨勫厤鐤姏浼氶殢鏃堕棿琛板噺锛岃“鍑忕▼搴︿笌浜虹殑骞撮緞鍜岃韩浣撶姸鍐点€佺柅鑻楁姉鍘熺瓑鍥犵礌鏈夊叧锛屼复搴婅瘯楠岀殑璇佹嵁鎻愮ず锛?strong>鎺ョ鐏椿娴佹劅鐤嫍瀵规姉鍘熺被浼兼瘨鏍殑淇濇姢浣滅敤鍙淮鎸?-8涓湀銆?/p>
鎺ョ涓€骞村悗琛€娓呮姉浣撴按骞虫樉钁楅檷浣庯紝浣嗛儴鍒嗘瘨鏍殑淇濇姢浣滅敤鎸佺画鏃堕棿鍙洿闀裤€傚缓璁彧瑕佹湰骞村害鐨勬祦鎰熺柅鑻楀紑濮嬩緵搴旓紝鍙敖鏃╂帴绉嶏紝灏介噺鍦ㄥ綋鍦版祦鎰熸祦琛屽鍓嶅畬鎴愭帴绉嶏紝灏ゅ叾鏄瓡濡囩瓑楂橀闄╀汉缇?/strong>銆傗€嶁€嶁€?/p> 鍙﹀锛岀敱浜?strong>浣庨緞鍎跨锛?宀佷互涓嬶級棣栨鎺ョ娴佹劅鐤嫍搴旀帴绉?鍓傦紙闂撮殧鈮?鍛級
褰撲笅娴佹劅姝ｅ湪娴佽锛屽鏋滀綘鏄珮鍗变汉缇わ紙骞撮緞灏忎簬2宀侊紝澶т簬65宀侊紝鏈夊熀纭€鐤剧梾锛屽瓡濡囩瓑锛夛紝寤鸿鏃╃偣鍘绘帴绉嶃€?/strong>
涓変环鍜屽洓浠锋€庝箞閫夋嫨锛?/strong>
鐢变簬涓婂競鐨勭柅鑻楁瘮杈冨锛屽緢澶氫汉闈复閫夋嫨鍥伴毦銆傚埌搴曞摢涓€涓洿濂斤紝鏇存柟渚裤€?/p>
鎵€璋撶殑涓変环鍜屽洓浠凤紝鏄寚鑳芥兜鐩栫殑娴佹劅姣掓牚鐨勬暟鐩紝鐞嗚涓婅鍥涗环鏄姣斾笁浠疯澶氫竴绉嶇梾姣掓瘨鏍殑锛屼篃灏辨槸鑳介澶栧瑕嗙洊涓€绉嶃€?/p>
浣嗘槸娴佹劅鐤嫍鐨勯€夋嫨鎴愬姛涓庡惁锛屾渶缁堜篃鍙栧喅浜?涓簨鎯咃紝涓€涓槸褰撳湴鐨勭柅鑻椾緵搴旀儏鍐碉紝杩樻湁涓€涓氨鏄綋鍦版祦琛岀殑娴佹劅姣掓牚绉嶇被銆?/strong>
棣栧厛锛岀粰澶у鐪嬬湅锛?strong>涓嶅悓骞撮緞娈垫帹鑽愮殑娴佹劅鐤嫍绉嶇被銆?/p>
杩欓噷涔熼『渚跨粰澶у璇︾粏浠嬬粛涓嬶紝浠婂勾鍥涗环鍜屼笁浠风柅鑻楁墍娑电洊姣掓牚鐨勫叿浣撴儏鍐点€?/p>
鍙互鐪嬪嚭锛?strong>鍥涗环鐤嫍姣斾笁浠峰瑕嗙洊涓€绉嶄箼鍨嬫祦鎰熺殑浜氬瀷锛屽綋鐒讹紝鍥涗环鐤嫍鐨勪环鏍间篃鏇磋吹涓€浜涖€?/strong>
涓変环榧诲柗鐤嫍锛屼篃鏄笁浠峰噺姣掓椿鐤嫍锛屾槸2020骞存垜鍥芥壒鍑嗕笂甯傜殑涓€绉嶅喕骞查蓟鍠风柅鑻楋紝鍦ㄥ┐骞煎効銆佸榫勫効绔ョ殑鍏嶇柅鍙嶅簲杈冩垚骞翠汉濂斤紝鍏锋湁鑹ソ鍏嶇柅鍘熸€с€?/p>
涓変环榧诲柗鐤嫍瑕嗙洊鐨勭梾姣掓牚涓庝笁浠锋敞灏勭柅鑻楃浉鍚岋紝涓嶈繃瀹冪鐢ㄤ簬浠ヤ笅浜虹兢锛?/strong>
鍥犱娇鐢ㄨ嵂鐗┿€丠IV鎰熸煋绛変换浣曞師鍥犻€犳垚鍏嶇柅鍔熻兘浣庝笅鑰咃紱
闀挎湡浣跨敤鍚湁闃垮徃鍖规灄鎴栨按鏉ㄩ吀鎴愬垎鑽墿娌荤枟鐨勫効绔ュ強闈掑皯骞达紱
2-4宀佹偅鏈夊摦鍠樼殑鍎跨锛?/p>
瀛曞锛?/p>
鏈夊悏鍏?宸撮浄缁煎悎寰侊紙Guillain-Barre syndrome锛孏BS锛夌梾鍙茶€咃紱
鎺ョ鍓?8h浣跨敤杩囧ゥ鍙镐粬闊︺€佹墡閭ｇ背闊︾瓑鎶楃梾姣掕嵂鐗╄€咃紝鎴栨帴绉嶅墠5澶╀娇鐢ㄨ繃甯曟媺绫抽煢锛屾垨鎺ョ鍓?7澶╀娇鐢ㄨ繃宸存礇娌欓煢鑰呫€?/p>
椤轰究鎻愪竴涓嬶紝鐢变簬浠婂勾鏂颁笂甯備簡閽堝3宀佷互涓嬪┐骞煎効鐨勫洓浠风柅鑻楋紝杩欎簺瀹堕暱浠彲鑳戒篃浼氶潰涓村悓鏍风殑閫変笁浠疯繕鏄洓浠风殑绾犵粨锛屼篃鍙弬鑰冧互涓婁俊鎭€?/p>
鏍规嵁鎸囧崡寤鸿锛?strong>瀵瑰彲鎺ョ涓嶅悓绫诲瀷鎴栦笉鍚屽巶瀹剁柅鑻椾骇鍝佺殑浜虹兢锛屽彲鐢卞彈绉嶈€呰嚜鎰块€夋嫨鎺ョ浠讳綍涓€绉嶆祦鎰熺柅鑻楋紝鏃犱紭鍏堟帹鑽愩€?/strong>
鍘诲勾搴曞凡缁忔墦杩囦簡锛屼粖骞磋繕闇€瑕佹墦鍚楋紝鎬庝箞鎵擄紵
鍏充簬杩欎釜闂锛岀‘瀹炲緢澶氫汉鍏冲績锛屾墍浠ュ€煎緱鍜屽ぇ瀹惰涓€涓嬨€傛垜浠弬鐓х殑涓昏鏄?022骞村簳鍥藉唴鍏竷鐨?022-2023骞寸殑娴佹劅鐤嫍鎺ョ鎸囧崡銆?/p>
棣栧厛鎴戜滑瑕佹悶娓呮涓や釜闂:
骞撮緞
鍘诲勾鎵撹繃鍑犻拡
鎯呭喌涓嶄竴鏍凤紝绛旀涔熸槸涓嶄竴鏍风殑銆?/p>
棣栧厛鎴戜滑鏉ョ湅2021骞寸殑鎸囧崡鎺ㄨ崘锛屽綋鐒跺鏋滄€曢夯鐑︼紝2021鐨勬寚鍗椾篃涓嶉渶瑕佺湅锛岀洿鎺ョ湅涓嬮潰2022鐨勬洿鏂伴儴鍒嗐€?/p>
2022骞寸殑鎸囧崡鎺ㄨ崘锛?/strong>
鍥藉唴鎸囧崡鏈変簡鍙樺寲銆傛寜鐓т笉鍚屽勾榫勪互鍙婇€夋嫨鐨勭柅鑻楀搧绉嶏紝鎻愬嚭浜嗕笅鍒楁柟妗堬細
6鏈堥緞-8宀佸効绔ワ紝娉ㄥ皠娴佹劅鐤嫍锛?/strong>
浠ュ墠娌℃墦杩囨祦鎰熺柅鑻楋細寤鸿鎵?閽堬紙闂撮殧鈮?鍛級锛?/p>
涓婁竴骞村害鎴栦互鍓嶆帴绉嶈繃1鍓傛垨浠ヤ笂娴佹劅鐤嫍锛氬缓璁墦1閽堛€?/p>
36鏈堥緞-8宀佸効绔ワ紝榧诲柗娴佹劅鐤嫍锛?/strong>
鏃犺鏄惁鎺ョ杩囨祦鎰熺柅鑻楋紝浠呮帴绉?鍓傛銆?/p>
9宀佸強浠ヤ笂鍎跨鍜屾垚浜猴細
浠呴渶鎺ョ1鍓傘€?/p>
鍙﹀锛屽€煎緱涓€鎻愮殑鏄紝浠婂勾鐨勬洿鏂板缓璁笌2022骞?鏈堜笘鐣屽崼鐢熺粍缁囷紙WHO锛夊叧浜庢祦鎰熶互鍙婃祦鎰熺柅鑻楃殑绔嬪満鏂囦欢淇濇寔涓€鑷淬€?/p>
WHO绔嬪満鏂囦欢鎸囧嚭锛?/p>
浠ュ墠浠?strong>鏈帴绉嶈繃娴佹劅鐤嫍鐨?鏈堥緞鑷?宀佸効绔ュ簲鎺ョ2鍓傜柅鑻楋紝鑷冲皯闂撮殧4鍛ㄣ€?/p>
浠ュ墠鑷冲皯鎺ョ杩?鍓傜柅鑻楃殑浜?/strong>闅忓悗搴旀瘡骞存帴绉?鍓傦紝9宀佸強浠ヤ笂鐨勫効绔ュ拰闈掑皯骞翠互鍙婂仴搴锋垚浜轰篃搴旀瘡骞存帴绉嶄竴鍓傘€?/p> 
鑰?021鐨勪腑鍥芥寚鍗楁洿璐磋繎褰撳墠鏈€鏂扮殑缇庡浗鍎跨瀛︿細锛圓AP锛夌殑寤鸿锛屼篃灏辨槸锛?鏈堥緞-8宀佸効绔ワ紝濡傛灉涓婁竴骞村害鎴栦互鍓嶆帴绉嶈繃1鍓傛祦鎰熺柅鑻楋紝寤鸿鎵?閽堬紱浠ュ墠鎺ョ杩?鍓傛垨浠ヤ笂娴佹劅鐤嫍鐨勶紝鎵嶅缓璁墦1閽堛€?/p>
澶у鍙互鍙傝€冧互涓婂浗闄呫€佸浗鍐呭缓璁紝骞剁粨鍚堝綋鍦版斂绛栵紝閫夋嫨閫傚綋鐨勬柟妗堛€?/p>
楦¤泲杩囨晱鑳芥墦娴佹劅鐤嫍鍚楋紵
缇庡浗鐤剧梾鎺у埗鍜岄闃蹭腑蹇冨厤鐤帴绉嶅疄璺靛挩璇㈠鍛樹細锛圓CIP锛夎嚜2016骞翠互鏉ュ紑濮嬪缓璁楦¤泲杩囨晱鑰呬害鍙帴绉嶆祦鎰熺柅鑻椼€傚洜姝や笉寤鸿灏嗛浮铔嬭繃鏁忎綔涓烘祦鎰熺柅鑻楁帴绉嶇蹇屻€?/p>
瀵圭柅鑻椾腑鎵€鍚换浣曟垚鍒嗭紙鍖呮嫭杈呮枡銆佺敳閱涖€佽瑙ｅ墏鍙婃姉鐢熺礌锛夎繃鏁忚€呮垨鏈夎繃浠讳綍涓€绉嶆祦鎰熺柅鑻楁帴绉嶄弗閲嶈繃鏁忓彶鑰咃紝绂佹鎺ョ銆?/p>
娴佹劅娉ㄥ皠鐤嫍锛屽彲浠ュ拰姘寸棙銆侀夯鑵銆佷箼鑴戙€丄CYW娴佽剳鐤嫍銆丠PV鐤嫍鍚屾椂鎵撳悧锛熻繕鏄闂撮殧涓€娈垫椂闂达紵
鍙互銆傛寚鍗椾腑鎻愬埌锛?strong>涓変环鐏椿娴佹劅鐤嫍鍙互涓庡叾瀹冪伃娲荤柅鑻楀強鍑忔瘨娲荤柅鑻楀悓鏃舵帴绉嶏紝浣嗘槸闇€瑕佹敞鎰忓湪涓嶅悓閮ㄤ綅鎺ョ銆傛按鐥樸€侀夯鑵鐤嫍閮芥槸鍑忔瘨娲荤柅鑻楋紝涔欒剳鐤嫍鍖呮嫭鍑忔瘨娲荤柅鑻楀拰鐏椿鐤嫍涓ょ锛孒PV鐤嫍鍜孉CYW娴佽剳鐤嫍涔熶笉鍚椿鐨勭梾鍘熶綋銆?/p>
WHO鍜岀編鍥紺DC涔熷湪鍏舵祦鎰熺柅鑻楅闃叉帴绉嶆妧鏈寚鍗椾腑鎺ㄨ崘鐏椿娴佹劅鐤嫍鍙互涓庡叾瀹冪伃娲荤柅鑻楀強鍑忔瘨娲荤柅鑻楀悓鏃舵垨渚濇鎺ョ锛岃€屽噺姣掓祦鎰熺柅鑻楀垯闇€瑕侀棿闅斾竴瀹氭椂闂村悗鎵嶈兘鎺ョ鍏朵粬鍑忔瘨鐤嫍銆?/strong>
鎵撲簡娴佹劅鐤嫍锛岃繕闇€瑕佹墦Hib鐤嫍鍚楋紵
涔嬫墍浠ユ湁浜烘彁鍑鸿繖涓棶棰橈紝鍙兘鏄病鎼炴竻妤氣€滄祦鎰熲€濅笌鈥滄祦鎰熷棞琛€鏉嗚弻鈥濈殑鍖哄埆銆傝櫧鐒跺悕瀛楅噷閮芥湁鈥滄祦鎰熲€濅袱瀛楋紝瀹炲垯宸箣鍗冮噷銆?/p>
娴佹劅鐥呮瘨鏄竴绉嶇梾姣掞紝鑰屾祦鎰熷棞琛€鏉嗚弻锛圚ib锛夋槸涓€绉嶇粏鑿岋紝褰撶劧瀹冧滑閮藉彲鑳藉紩璧峰彂鐑€佸挸鍡界瓑鐩镐技鐨勭棁鐘躲€?strong>娴佹劅鐤嫍鍜孒ib鐤嫍鎵€閽堝鐨勬槸涓嶅悓鐨勭梾鍘熶綋銆傛墍浠ワ紝鎵撳洓浠锋祦鎰熺柅鑻楀拰鎵揌ib鐤嫍鏄袱鐮佷簨銆?/p>
褰撶劧锛屾渶鍚庝粛鐒惰鎻愰啋涓€鍙ワ紝鐤嫍鍙互鍑忓皯鎰熸煋娴佹劅鐥呮瘨鐨勫嚑鐜囷紝闄嶄綆閲嶇棁娴佹劅鐨勫彂鐢熺巼锛屼絾浠讳綍鐤嫍閮芥棤娉曟彁渚?00%鐨勪繚鎶わ紝涓嶈瑙夊緱鍙鎵撲簡鐤嫍灏变竾浜嬪ぇ鍚変簡锛岄噰鍙栨棩甯搁槻鎶ゆ帾鏂戒粛鐒跺緢閲嶈銆?/p>
鍙﹀锛屽鏋滃浜轰笉骞告劅鏌撲簡娴佹劅锛岃寰楀悎鐞嗚鑼冧娇鐢ㄥゥ鍙镐粬闊︼紝杩欐槸鎴戜滑鏄ㄥぉ鍙戠殑鏂囩珷锛屽ぇ瀹跺彲浠ュ弬鑰冿細娴佹劅鏉ヤ簡锛岃鍑嗗濂ュ徃浠栭煢鍚楋紵
鏂囩珷棣栧彂浜?022-08-27
缂栬緫聽| 淇?/p>
鍙嬫儏鎻愰啋锛氱鏅煡璇嗕粎渚涘弬鑰冿紝涓嶈兘鍙栦唬鍖荤敓鐨勮瘖鐤楁剰瑙併€傚鏈夊尰鐤楅渶姹傦紝鍙棶璇婂彲鍙嬬嚎涓婂尰鐢熴€?/p>
鍙傝€冭祫鏂欙細
1) 涓浗娴佹劅鐤嫍棰勯槻鎺ョ鎶€鏈寚鍗楋紙2022-2023锛?/p>
2)聽 J-P Amorij, A Huckriede, J Wilschut, et al. Development of stable influenza vaccine powder formulations: challenges and possibilities. Pharm Res. 2008 Jun;25(6):1256-73. doi: 10.1007/s11095-008-9559-6.
3) 涓浗娴佹劅鐤嫍棰勯槻鎺ョ鎶€鏈寚鍗楋紙2021-2022锛?/p>
4) Vaccines against influenza: WHO position paper 鈥?May 2022
5) Recommendations for Prevention and Control of Influenza in Children, 2021-2022. Pediatrics. 2021 Oct;148(4):e2021053745. doi: 10.1542/peds.2021-053745.
6) https://www.aap.org/en/pages/2019-novel-coronavirus-covid-19-infections/help-for-pediatricians/preparing-for-flu-season/
