璇磋捣锜戣瀭锛屼及璁′細鍕捐捣涓嶅皯浜虹殑鎯ㄧ棝鍥炲繂銆?/p>
姣忔瘡鐪嬪埌锜戣瀭绐佺劧绐滃嚭锛屽啀浠庤閲庨噷娑堝け锛屽ぇ瀹剁殑琛€鍘嬪彲鑳介兘浼氬線涓婅烦涓€璺筹紝鐒跺悗鍚愭Ы涓€鍙ワ細杩欒煈铻傛€庝箞灏遍櫎涓嶅共鍑€鍛紵
瀵逛簬閭ｄ簺浣滀负鈥滃洓瀹斥€濅箣涓€鐨勮煈铻傦紝浜轰滑鍙兂瀹冧滑涓嶈鍑虹幇鍦ㄨ嚜宸辩殑鐪煎墠锛屼絾骞朵笉鏄墍鏈夎煈铻傞兘浼氶棷杩涙垜浠殑浣忔墍锛屾悶涔辩幆澧冦€佷紶鎾柧鐥咃紝杩樻湁涓€浜涜煈铻傜墿绉嶅湪鐢熸€佺郴缁熶腑鍙戞尌鐫€閲嶈浣滅敤銆?/p>
璞媼鐖靛矝椋熸湪锜戣瀭锛圥anesthia lata锛夊氨鏄叾涓箣涓€銆?/p>
璞媼鐖靛矝椋熸湪锜戣瀭銆傚浘鐗囨潵婧愶細wikipedia
01
鏇鹃亶甯冭豹鍕嬬埖缇ゅ矝
鍗村湪浜虹被鍒版潵鍚庨毦瀵昏釜杩?/strong>
鍦ㄥお骞虫磱瑗垮崡閮紝鏈変竴鐗囧绔嬬殑娴锋磱缇ゅ矝锛屼汉浠彨瀹冭豹鍕嬬埖缇ゅ矝銆傝豹鍕嬬埖缇ゅ矝鐢辩伀灞卞柗鍙戣€屽舰鎴愶紝鍥犲叾鎷ユ湁澶ч噺鐝嶆儨鐨勫姩妞嶇墿鐗╃鑰岄椈鍚嶄簬涓栥€?/p>
璞媼鐖电兢宀涘強鍛ㄨ竟宀涘笨銆傚浘鐗囨潵婧愶細鍙傝€冩枃鐚?/p>
璞媼鐖靛矝椋熸湪锜戣瀭灏辨槸杩欏骇缇ゅ矝涓婄殑鍘熶綇姘戜箣涓€銆?/strong>
浣滀负璇ュ矝鐗规湁鐨勪竴绉嶅ぇ鍨嬫棤缈呴鏈ㄨ煈铻傦紝璞媼鐖靛矝椋熸湪锜戣瀭鏇惧垎甯冨湪鏁翠釜宀涘笨锛屽畠浠宀涘笨鐨勭敓鎬佺郴缁熺淮鎸佽捣鐫€鍗佸垎閲嶈鐨勪綔鐢ㄣ€?/p>
鍏蜂綋鑰岃█锛岄泟鎬ц豹鍕嬬埖宀涢鏈ㄨ煈铻傜殑浣撻暱閫氬父涓哄湪 33-40 姣背锛岃韩涓婃湁閲戝睘鍏夋辰锛屽ご閮ㄥ拰韬綋鍛堢孩鑹茶嚦榛戣壊锛岃吙鍛堢孩鑹诧紱鑰岄泴鎬т綋闀垮湪 32.5-41 姣背锛岄鑹查€氬父姣旈泟鎬ф洿榛戯紝骞朵笖缂轰箯闆勬€х殑閲戝睘鍏夋辰銆?/p>
璞媼鐖靛矝椋熸湪锜戣瀭鐪嬭捣鏉ヤ笉鍍忓挶浠閲岀殑閭ｄ簺锜戣瀭鈥滄伓闇糕€濓紝鏇村儚鏄鑹叉洿娣变竴浜涚殑鈥滄斁澶х増鈥濋紶濡囥€?/strong>瀹冧滑涓ご鐪嬭捣鏉ユ瘮杈冨ぇ锛岃€屼笖琛屽姩缂撴參锛屽洜涓烘病鏈夌繀鑶€锛屾墍浠ュ凡缁忎抚澶变簡椋炶鐨勮兘鍔涖€?/p> 
褰撶劧锛屽ぇ瀹舵渶鍏冲績鐨勫彲鑳芥槸瀹冧滑浼氫笉浼氣€滅闂皯瀹呪€濄€?/p>
绛旀褰撶劧鏄惁瀹氱殑銆?/strong>
椤惧悕鎬濅箟锛岃豹鍕嬬埖宀涢鏈ㄨ煈铻傜殑椋熺墿鏄湪澶达紝妫灄鎵嶆槸瀹冧滑鐨勫銆傚畠浠笉浼氳繘鍏ヤ汉浠殑鎴垮瓙锛屽彧浼氬湪妫灄閲屽洖鏀舵湪鏉愬拰钀藉彾锛屼繚鎸佹．鏋楃殑鍋ュ悍銆傛澶栵紝瀹冧滑杩樺彲鑳芥槸宀涗笂鐨勪竴浜涢笩绫荤殑椋熺墿鏉ユ簮銆?/p>
浣嗕笉骞哥殑鏄紝浜轰滑瀵逛簬璞媼鐖靛矝椋熸湪锜戣瀭鐨勪簡瑙ｅ苟涓嶇畻澶氥€?/p>
1868 骞达紝鐢熺墿瀛﹀ Walker 鍙戠幇骞舵弿杩颁簡杩欎竴濂囩壒鐨勭墿绉嶏紝1887骞达紝婢冲ぇ鍒╀簹鐨勫崥鐗╁瀹朵滑鐧讳笂璞媼鐖靛矝锛屽紑灞曚簡涓€娆″叏闈㈢殑绉戝璋冩煡锛屼粬浠湪涓€鏍硅厫鐑傜殑鍘熸湪涓婄湅鍒颁簡椋熸湪锜戣瀭鐨勮釜杩癸紝骞惰繘琛屼簡璁板綍銆?/p>
浣嗗湪琚繁鍏ョ爺绌朵箣鍓嶏紝杩欑锜戣瀭閲岀殑鈥滃ぇ鍧楀ご鈥濆氨宸茬粡鍦ㄥ矝涓婂け鍘讳簡韪抗銆?/p>
鑰岃杩欑锜戣瀭鍑犱箮鐏粷鐨勫師鍥狅紝灞呯劧鏄紶瀹筹紒
02
鍋锋浮鐨勮€侀紶
鏄煈铻傗€滃鏂欐湭鍙娾€濈殑鏁屼汉
1918 骞达紝涓€鑹樿埞鎼佹祬鍦ㄨ豹鍕嬬埖宀涳紝鑸逛笂鐨勯粦榧狅紙Rattus rattus锛夊洜涓轰竴鍦烘剰澶栨潵鍒颁簡宀涗笂銆?/p>
鍦ㄩ粦榧犵櫥闄嗙殑鍑犲勾涔嬪唴锛岃豹鍕嬬埖宀涗笂浜旂鐗规湁鐨勬．鏋楅笩绫诲凡缁忕伃缁濓紝姝ゅ悗杩樻湁鑷冲皯 13 绉嶆棤鑴婃鍔ㄧ墿涔熷洜姝ゆ秷澶憋紝璞媼鐖靛矝椋熸湪锜戣瀭灏辨槸鍏朵腑涔嬩竴銆?/p>
榛戦紶銆傚浘鐗囨潵婧愶細wikipedia
灏界杩涜浜嗗娆℃悳绱紝浣嗘槸鍦?19 涓栫邯 30 骞翠唬閲囬泦鍒扮浉鍏虫爣鏈箣鍚庯紝璞媼鐖靛矝椋熸湪锜戣瀭灏卞ソ鍍忓湪宀涗笂澶卞幓浜嗚釜杩癸紝浜轰滑鏅亶璁や负锛?strong>璞媼鐖靛矝椋熸湪锜戣瀭寰堝彲鑳藉湪 80 骞村墠灏卞凡缁忎笉瀛樺湪鍦ㄨ豹鍕嬬埖缇ゅ矝鐨勪富宀涗笂浜嗐€?/strong>
鏍规嵁鐩稿叧鎶ラ亾锛屽矝涓婁竴搴﹀眳浣忕潃瓒呰繃 30 涓囧彧鐨勮€侀紶锛屽畠浠湪璞媼鐖靛矝涓婅倖铏愶紝瀹冧滑鍗卞浣滅墿銆佹崟椋熸棤鑴婃鍔ㄧ墿銆佸悆楦熻泲鈥︹€?/p>
缁堜簬锛屽湪 2019 骞达紝褰撳湴鍚姩浜嗕竴椤硅€楄祫 1500 涓囩編鍏冪殑鐏紶璁″垝锛屾棬鍦ㄦ竻闄ょ牬鍧忔€х殑鍏ヤ镜鐗╃锛屼篃灏辨槸閭ｄ簺鍙伓鐨勮€侀紶浠€傝繖椤硅鍒掔粡杩囦簡 15 骞寸殑璇︾粏鐮旂┒鍜岃鍒掞紝骞跺湪 2019 骞?5 鏈堣嚦 2019 骞?11 鏈堣繘琛屻€?/p>
鐏紶琛屽姩瀵逛簬宀涗笂婵掑嵄閲庣敓鍔ㄧ墿鐨勬仮澶嶈捣鍒颁簡绉瀬鐨勪綔鐢紝鍦ㄧ伃榧犱箣鍚庯紝褰撳湴浜哄啀娆″惉鍒颁簡涔呰繚鐨勮煁锜€澹帮紝涓€浜涙繏鍗遍笩绫荤殑鏁伴噺涔熷憟鐜板嚭涓婂崌鐨勮秼鍔裤€?/p>
浜庢槸锛屼汉浠紑濮嬭€冭檻璁╁矝涓婂啀娆℃嫢鏈夎豹鍕嬬埖宀涢鏈ㄨ煈铻傘€?/p>
鍙兘鏈変汉瑕侀棶锛岃繖绉嶈煈铻備笉鏄鑰侀紶浠悆娌′簡鍚楋紵
鍏跺疄璞媼鐖靛矝椋熸湪锜戣瀭骞舵病鏈夌伃缁濓紝鍦ㄩ櫎浜嗕富宀涘鐨勫皬宀涗笂锛岄偅浜涙病鏈夎榛戦紶鍗犻鐨勫尯鍩燂紝渚濇棫鏈夎繖浜涜煈铻傚瓨鍦ㄣ€?/p>
绉戝瀹朵滑浠庤豹鍕嬬埖宀涗互鍗?23 鍏噷鐨勬煆灏旈噾瀛楀宀涗笂灏卞彂鐜颁簡杩欎簺鈥滃ぇ鍧楀ご鈥濈殑韪抗锛屾澶栵紝鍦ㄤ富宀涢檮杩戠殑鍑犱釜灏忓矝涓婏紝涔熷彂鐜颁簡瀹冧滑鐨勮韩褰便€?/p>
浣嗘渶鏂扮殑鍙戠幇琛ㄦ槑锛岃繖浜涜煈铻傚彲鑳戒粠鏈粠璞媼鐖靛矝涓婄湡姝ｂ€滄秷澶扁€濄€?/p>
03
80聽澶氬勾鍚庣殑鍐嶄細
椋熸湪锜戣瀭閲嶇幇璞媼鐖靛矝
璞媼鐖靛矝涓婇鏈ㄨ煈铻傜殑婵掍复鐏粷婧愪簬涓€鍦烘悂娴呯殑鎰忓锛岃€岀瀛﹀浠噸鏂板湪宀涗笂鎵惧埌杩欎簺鈥滃ぇ鍧楀ご鈥濓紝鍏跺疄涔熸簮鑷竴鍦烘剰澶栥€?/p>
2001 骞达紝鍦ㄨ豹鍕嬬埖宀涢檮杩戠殑涓や釜灏忓矝锛屽竷鑾卞厠鏈矝鍜岀綏濂囧矝涔熷彂鐜颁簡椋熸湪锜戣瀭銆傛椂闅?20 骞村悗锛屾倝灏煎ぇ瀛︾殑绉戝瀹朵滑鍘熷畾鍓嶅線甯冭幈鍏嬫湰宀涘褰撳湴鐨勯鏈ㄨ煈铻傝繘琛岃皟鏌ュ拰鐮旂┒銆?/p>
浣嗘槸锛屼竴鍦烘伓鍔ｇ殑澶╂皵闃绘浜嗕粬浠紝浠栦滑鏃犳硶鍓嶅線甯冭幈鍏嬫湰宀涳紝鍥犳浠栦滑鍐冲畾妫€鏌ヨ豹鍕嬬埖宀涗笂鐨勬綔鍦ㄥ湴鐐癸紝杩欎簺鍦扮偣鍦ㄨ€侀紶鍒拌揪涔嬪墠閬嶅竷椋熸湪锜戣瀭銆?/strong>
浠栦滑璧板埌浜嗚豹鍕嬬埖宀涘寳閮ㄧ殑涓€鐗囨鏍戞灄涓紝鍦ㄨ繖閲岋紝浠栦滑缈诲紑浜嗕竴鍧楃煶澶淬€?/p>
鐒跺悗锛屽濡欑殑浜嬫儏鍙戠敓浜嗭紒鐭冲ご涓嬬珶鐒舵湁涓€灏忕兢椋熸湪锜戣瀭锛?/strong>
绉戝瀹朵滑瀵瑰湪宀涗笂閲嶆柊鍙戠幇鐨勯鏈ㄨ煈铻傝繘琛屼簡鐮旂┒锛岀粨鏋滆〃鏄庯紝涓诲矝涓婄殑绉嶇兢鍦ㄩ仐浼犱笂鍜屽竷鑾卞厠鏈矝鍜岀綏濂囧矝鍙戠幇鐨勭缇ゆ湁鎵€涓嶅悓锛屼篃灏辨槸璇达紝瀹冧滑寰堟湁鍙兘鏄繖搴у矝涓婄殑鈥滃師浣忔皯骞稿瓨鑰呪€濓紝鍏朵粬鏇村鐮旂┒杩樺湪闄嗙画灞曞紑銆?/p>
瀵逛簬绉戠爺浜哄憳鏉ヨ锛岄噸鏂板彂鐜伴鏈ㄨ煈铻傛棤鐤戝緢浠や汉婵€鍔紝浣嗗浜庨鏈ㄨ煈铻傝€岃█锛岃嚜宸辫鍙戠幇鎴栬骞朵笉鏄竴浠跺€煎緱婵€鍔ㄧ殑浜嬨€?/p>
鑰屽鏋滀笉鏄繏涓寸伃缁濓紝璋佷細鍦ㄦ剰鐭冲ご涓嬮潰鐨勪竴缇よ煈铻傚憿锛?/strong>
鍙傝€冩枃鐚細
[1] 'Extinct' wood-eating cockroach rediscovered after 80 years.
https://www.sydney.edu.au/news-opinion/news/2022/10/01/extinct-wood-eating-cockroach-rediscovered-after-80-years.html
[2] A large cockroach thought extinct since the 1930s was just rediscovered on a small island in Australia
https://theconversation.com/a-large-cockroach-thought-extinct-since-the-1930s-was-just-rediscovered-on-a-small-island-in-australia-191847
[3] Carlile, N., Priddel, D., & O'Dwyer, T. (2018). Preliminary surveys of the endangered Lord Howe Island cockroach Panesthia lata (Blattodea: Blaberidae) on two islands within the Lord Howe Group, Australia. Austral Entomology, 57(2), 207-213.
[4] Maekawa, K., Matsumoto, T., & Nalepa, C. A. (2008). Social biology of the wood-feeding cockroach genus Salganea (Dictyoptera, Blaberidae, Panesthiinae): did ovoviviparity prevent the evolution of eusociality in the lineage?. Insectes Sociaux, 55(2), 107-114.
[5] Rodent Eradication Project
https://lhirodenteradicationproject.org/the-project/
鍑哄搧锝滅鏅腑鍥?/p>
浣滆€咃綔EVEE锛堝寳浜ぇ瀛︾敓鍛界瀛﹀闄級
鐩戝埗锝滀腑鍥界鏅崥瑙?/p>
閫夐€佸崟浣嶏細涓浗绉戝闄㈣绠楁満淇℃伅缃戠粶涓績
